Cov Ntawv thiab Daim Ntawv Thov ntawm Fatty Amines

Cov amines Aliphaticxa mus rau ib pawg loj ntawm cov organic amine compounds nrog cov saw hlau carbon ntev txij li C8 txog C22. Ib yam li cov amines feem ntau, lawv muab faib ua plaub pawg: thawj amines, theem nrab amines, tertiary amines thiab polyamines. Thawj, theem nrab thiab tertiary amines raug faib raws li tus lej ntawm cov hydrogen atoms hauv ammonia hloov los ntawm alkyl pawg.

Aliphatic amines yog cov organic derivatives ntawm ammonia. Cov aliphatic amines luv luv nrog C8-C10 carbon chains muaj qee qhov solubility hauv dej, thaum cov aliphatic amines ntev feem ntau tsis yaj hauv dej. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua lossis cov khoom khov kho ntawm chav tsev kub thiab yog alkaline. Raws li cov organic bases, lawv tuaj yeem khaus thiab corrode daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous membranes.

Lawv feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no: cov cawv rog ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog dimethylamine los tsim cov monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines; cov cawv rog ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog monomethylamine los tsim cov dialkylmonomethyl tertiary amines; cov cawv rog ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog ammonia los tsim cov trialkyl tertiary amines.

Ua ntej, cov roj fatty acids ua rau ammonia tsim cov roj nitriles, thiab cov roj nitriles raug hydrogenation los tsim cov roj thawj lossis theem nrab amines. Cov roj thawj lossis theem nrab amines raug hydro-methylation los tsim cov tertiary amines. Cov roj thawj tuaj yeem tsim cov diamines ntawm cyanoethylation ua raws li hydrogenation; diamines tuaj yeem tsim cov triamines ntxiv los ntawm cyanoethylation thiab hydrogenation, thiab triamines tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau tetraamines los ntawm kev rov ua cyanoethylation thiab hydrogenation.

Cov Ntawv Thov Ncaj Qha

Cov amines thawj zaugsiv tau ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb, cov roj nplua nyeem, cov tshuaj tso tawm, cov roj ntxiv, cov tshuaj ua xim ntxiv, cov tshuaj ua kom tuab, cov tshuaj ntub dej, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv plua plav rau cov tshuaj chiv, cov tshuaj ntxiv roj cav, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke rau cov tshuaj chiv, cov tshuaj ua zaj duab xis, cov tshuaj ua kom ntab, cov roj nplua nyeem iav, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej tsis nkag, cov tshuaj emulsions quav ciab thiab lwm yam khoom.

Cov amines uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau xws li octadecylamine ua haujlwm ua cov neeg sawv cev rau cov roj hmab tawv thiab cov ua npuas polyurethane. Dodecylamine siv rau hauv kev tsim cov roj hmab ntuj thiab cov roj hmab tsim, ua cov surfactants hauv cov tshuaj electroless tin plating, thiab rau kev tsim cov malt derivatives los ntawm kev txo cov amination ntawm isomaltose. Oleylamine siv ua cov khoom ntxiv rau cov roj diesel.

Kev tsim khoom ntawmCov tshuaj Cationic Surfactants

Cov amines thawj zaug thiab lawv cov ntsev ua haujlwm ua cov neeg sawv cev ua kom cov ntxhia ntab zoo, cov neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke rau cov tshuaj chiv lossis cov khoom tawg, cov neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv dej ntawv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb, cov tshuaj ntxiv roj nplua nyeem, cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau kev lag luam roj av, cov roj thiab roj av ntxiv, cov neeg ntxuav hluav taws xob, cov emulsifiers, cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov av nplaum organometallic, cov tshuaj ntxiv rau kev ua xim, cov tshuaj kho dej thiab cov neeg sawv cev tsim zaj duab xis. Cov amines thawj zaug tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntsev quaternary ammonium ntsev asphalt emulsifiers, uas tau siv dav hauv kev paving thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm cov kev loj. Cov emulsifiers no txo ​​qhov kev siv zog thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho thiab kev saib xyuas thiab pab txuas lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov nto ntawm txoj kev.

Kev tsim khoom ntawmCov tshuaj surfactants uas tsis yog ionic

Cov khoom siv uas tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm aliphatic primary amines nrog ethylene oxide feem ntau yog siv ua cov neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob hauv kev lag luam yas. Ethoxylated amines tsis yaj hauv yas thiab yog li ntawd mus rau ib feem ntawm cov yas. Thaum ncav cuag qhov chaw, ethoxylated amines nqus tag nrho cov dej noo los ntawm huab cua, ua rau cov yas tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.

Kev tsim khoom ntawmCov tshuaj amphoteric surfactants

Dodecylamine reacts nrog methyl acrylate, ua raws li saponification thiab neutralization los tsim N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Cov tshuaj surfactants ntawm hom no muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no: lawv cov kua dej yog cov kua daj lossis tsis muaj xim pob tshab, yaj hauv dej lossis ethanol, yooj yim lwj, tiv taus dej tawv, tsis khaus tawv nqaij thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Lawv cov ntawv thov suav nrog cov neeg sawv cev ua npuas ncauj, emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors, kua ntxuav, tshuaj zawv plaub hau, tshuaj pleev plaub hau, tshuaj ua kom mos, cov neeg sawv cev antistatic thiab ntau ntxiv.