Njengamanje, ama-surfactant asetshenziswa hhayi kuphela kuma-herbicides kodwa nakuwo wonke ama-pesticide formulation. Ngo-1993, ukusetshenziswa kwama-surfactant emhlabeni wonke kwama-pesticide kwakungamathani angaba ngu-230,000, okubalwa u-3.3% wesamba sokusetshenziswa kwama-surfactant. E-United States, inani lokuthengiswa kwama-surfactant ama-pesticide lakha cishe u-6% wemakethe yawo yama-pesticide. Ingxenye yawo wonke ama-pesticide formulation ngo-1992 yasebenzisa ama-surfactant, iningi lawo elalisetshenziswa kuma-herbicides. E-China, ukusetshenziswa kwama-surfactant ama-pesticide kwakuma-tani angaba ngu-40,000, kanti cishe ingxenye yesithathu yayisebenza njenge-emulsifiers.
Ama-surfactant angashintsha izibulala-zinambuzane ezingalawuleki zezinga lobuchwepheshe zibe yizakhi zokubulala izinambuzane ezisebenzayo. Njenge-adjuvant yezibulala-zinambuzane, awagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezibulala-zinambuzane kodwa futhi anciphisa umthamo wezibulala-zinambuzane, anciphise umthelela wezinambuzane emvelweni, futhi alethe izinzuzo ezinkulu ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba izibulala-zinambuzane zingamakhemikhali akhethekile anomsebenzi onamandla wezinto eziphilayo, futhi izinhloso zawo zokulawula, izinto ezivikelwe, kanye nezimo zemvelo ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ama-surfactant ezibulala-zinambuzane kumele akhethwe futhi akhiwe ngokwezakhiwo nezici zezinto zobuchwepheshe, kuyilapho futhi kucatshangelwa imiphumela yama-surfactant ngokwawo ezintweni eziphilayo ezihlosiwe.
Okulandelayo kugxile ekwethuleni iziqondiso zokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezintathu zama-surfactants.
Ngokusebenzisa isenzo se-micellar sama-surfactants, ukuncibilika kwezinto zobuchwepheshe ezingancibiliki kahle ezinyibilikisini kuyanda kakhulu, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuncibilika. Ama-surfactants anenani le-HLB elingu-15–18 ingasebenza njengezincibilikisi, kodwa ukuncibilikisi kwenzeka kuphela lapho ukugcwala kwesincibilikisi kudlula ukugcwala okubalulekile kwe-micelle. Kuleli qophelo, umuthi ongancibilikisi kahle ufakwa ngaphakathi kwe-micelle ngamaqembu e-lipophilic e-solubilizer, kuyilapho amaqembu e-hydrophilic e-solubilizer ehlala emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela evumela izidakamizwa ezingezona e-polar ukuthi zincibilikisiwe emanzini.
Izihlanzi zingavimba noma zivimbele ukuhlangana kwezinhlayiya eziqinile noma eziwuketshezi ohlelweni lokuhlakazeka futhi zigcine ukuhlakazeka kwazo okufanayo isikhathi eside. Izihlanzi zimunca endaweni yokuma kwamanzi kawoyela noma ebusweni bezinhlayiya eziqinile, zakha ishaja kagesi noma isithiyo esingaba khona se-steric esizungeze izinhlayiya, okusiza ukuvimbela izinhlayiya zokubulala izinambuzane ukuthi zingaphinde zihlangane ngesikhathi sokwakheka nokugcinwa kwazo. Izihlanzi ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-anionic surfactants ezinezindandatho eziningi, njenge-sodium salts ye-alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, i-naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates, kanye ne-lignosulfonates. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izihlanzi ze-polymeric (njenge-sodium polycarboxylate) zibaluleke kakhulu ekulungiseleleni ukumiswa kwamanzi ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo zokufaka, kanye nekhono lazo lokushaja izinhlayiya ezihlakazekile futhi zidale isithiyo esikhulu esingaba khona se-steric.
Izakhi ezixubile zithandwa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi ngenxa yokulula kwazo kanye nekhono lokuqinisekisa umthamo ofanele wezithako ezahlukahlukene zezibulala-zinambuzane, ngenkathi kugwenywa ukungalingani okuvame ukutholakala ekuxubeni okuvamile kwethangi. Izakhi ezinjalo ziyizingxube ezixubile ezisekelwe ekumisweni ezilungiselelwe kusetshenziswa isibulala-zinambuzane esiqinile esingancibiliki emanzini kanye nesibulala-zinambuzane esiwuketshezi esingancibiliki emanzini esinamanzi njengezinto eziphakathi kanye nama-surfactants njengezinto ezisizayo, futhi ngokuvamile zingabhekwa njengenhlanganisela ye-SC kanye ne-EW. Ama-surfactants asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka phakathi ama-emulsifiers, ama-dispersants, ama-thickeners, nabanye. Lolu hlobo lwezakhi alugcini nje ngokuhlushwa ukugobhoza kwezinhlayiya kanye namaconsi kawoyela atholakala ku-SC kanye ne-EW formulations, kodwa futhi kwenza kube kubalulekile ukwenza izivivinyo ezahlukene zokugcina ezibandayo nezishisayo phezu kwezimo eziningi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-09-2026