I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia nā surfactants ʻaʻole wale i nā herbicides akā i nā ʻano pesticide āpau. I ka makahiki 1993, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā surfactants no nā pesticides ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o 230,000 tons, e helu ana no 3.3% o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka surfactant. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ke kumukūʻai kūʻai aku o nā surfactants no nā pesticides ma kahi o 6% o kāna mākeke pesticide. ʻO ka hapalua o nā ʻano pesticide āpau i ka makahiki 1992 i hoʻohana i nā surfactants, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau mea i hoʻohana ʻia i nā herbicides. Ma Kina, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā surfactants no nā pesticides ma kahi o 40,000 tons, me kahi hapakolu e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he emulsifiers.
Hiki i nā Surfactants ke hoʻololi i nā pesticides pae loea hiki ʻole ke hoʻokele ʻia i nā ʻano pesticide kūpono. Ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua pesticide, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻonui wale i ka pono o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā pesticides akā e hōʻemi pū i ka nui o ka pesticide, e hōʻoluʻolu i ka hopena o nā pesticides i ke kaiapuni, a hāʻawi i nā pono nui i ka hana mahiʻai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai he mau kemika kūikawā nā pesticides me ka hana olaola ikaika, a he paʻakikī loa kā lākou mau pahuhopu kaohi, nā mea i pale ʻia, a me nā kūlana kaiapuni, pono e koho ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia nā surfactants i loko o nā pesticides e like me nā waiwai a me nā ʻano o nā mea loea, me ka noʻonoʻo pū ʻana i nā hopena o nā surfactants iā lākou iho i nā meaola i manaʻo ʻia.
Ke kālele nei kēia ma ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā alakaʻi hoʻohana no ʻekolu ʻano surfactants.
Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana micellar o nā surfactants, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka solubility o nā mea loea hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā solvents, i ʻike ʻia ʻo solubilization. ʻO nā Surfactants me ka waiwai HLB o 15–Hiki iā 18 ke lawelawe ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe, akā hiki wale ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ma mua o ka nui o nā micelle koʻikoʻi. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia paha ka lāʻau hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻole i loko o nā micelles e nā hui lipophilic o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe, ʻoiai nā hui hydrophilic o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe e noho ana i loko o ka wai, no laila e hiki ai i nā lāʻau non-polar ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai.
Hiki i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ke pale a pale paha i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā ʻāpana paʻa a wai paha i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻopuehu a mālama i ko lākou hoʻopuehu like ʻana no kahi manawa lōʻihi. Hoʻopili nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ma ka pilina ʻaila-wai a i ʻole ma ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana paʻa, e hana ana i kahi uku uila a i ʻole kahi pale hiki ke pale aku i ka steric a puni nā ʻāpana, e kōkua ana i ka pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana pesticide mai ka hōʻuluʻulu hou ʻana i ka wā o ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻohana ʻia he mau surfactants anionic me nā apo he nui, e like me nā paʻakai sodium o alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates, a me lignosulfonates. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, he mea nui loa nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polymeric (e like me ka sodium polycarboxylate) i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā hoʻokuʻu wai ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai adsorption, a me ko lākou hiki ke hoʻopiʻi i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopuehu ʻia a hana i kahi pale hiki ke pale aku i ka steric nui.
Ua kaulana nā ʻano hui like ʻole i waena o nā mea hoʻohana ma muli o ko lākou maʻalahi a me ka hiki ke hōʻoia i ka nui kūpono o nā mea hoʻohuihui pesticide like ʻole, me ka pale ʻana i ka inhomogeneity i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka hui ʻana o nā pahu kuʻuna. ʻO ia mau ʻano he mau hoʻolaha hui i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia i hoʻomākaukau ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pesticide paʻa hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me kahi pesticide wai hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai me ka wai ma ke ʻano he medium a me nā surfactants ma ke ʻano he mau mea kōkua, a hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he hui pū ʻana o SC a me EW. ʻO nā surfactants i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e komo pū me nā emulsifiers, dispersants, thickeners, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻano ʻano hana i ka flocculation o nā ʻāpana a me nā kulu aila i loko o nā ʻano SC a me EW, akā he mea nui hoʻi e hana i nā hoʻokolohua mālama anu a me ka wela ma luna o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-09-2026