Ka ntlafatso ea maemo a bophelo a batho, litlhoko tsa bareki bakeng sa lijo ha li sa lekanyetsoa boleng bo utloahalang ba phepo. Ba boetse ba hloka litšobotsi tse khotsofatsang tsa kutlo ea lijo, ho kenyeletsoa ponahalo, 'mala, monko, tatso, botsitso le bocha.
Jwalo ka di-emulsifier tse fetolang sebopeho sa dijo, di-emulsifier di bapala karolo ya bohlokwa indastering ya dijo. A re shebeng mokgwa wa tshebetso wali-emulsifier!
Li-emulsion
Li-emulsion li fumaneha haholo lijong. Karolo e 'ngoe e na le metsi kapa litharollo tsa metsi, tse tsejoang ka kakaretso e le karolo ea hydrophilic; karolo e 'ngoe ke karolo ea tlhaho e sa tsoakoang le metsi, e tsejoang hape e le karolo ea lipophilic. Ha metsi a mabeli a sa tsoakoang joalo ka metsi le oli a kopantsoe, mefuta e 'meli ea li-emulsion e ka thehoa, e leng li-emulsion tsa oli-ka-metsing (O/W) le li-emulsion tsa metsi-ka-metsing (W/O). Li-emulsion tsa oli-ka-metsing, oli e hasana ka metsing e le marotholi a manyane, ka marotholi a oli a sebetsang e le karolo e hasaneng le metsi e le sebaka se tsoelang pele. Lebese ke mohlala o tloaelehileng oa emulsion ea O/W. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-emulsion tsa metsi-ka-metsing, metsi a hasana ka oli e le marotholi a manyane, moo metsi a sebetsang e le karolo e hasaneng le oli e le sebaka se tsoelang pele, 'me margarine e le emulsion ea W/O e emelang.
Mokhoa oa Ketso oa Li-Emulsifier
Li-emulsifier tsa lijo, tse boetseng li bitsoali-surfactant, ke dintho tse fetolang metsi a sa tswakaneng hore e be di-emulsion tse hasantsweng ka ho lekana. Jwalo ka di-additives tsa dijo, di ka fokotsa haholo kgatello ya di-interfacial pakeng tsa mekgahlelo ya oli le metsi kamora ho kenngwa dijong, ka hona di theha di-emulsion tse tsitsitseng ho tswa ho oli e sa tswakaneng (dintho tse sa tswakaneng le metsi) le metsi (dintho tse tshabang metsi).
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, di-emulsifier di etsa difilimi tse tshesane tsa dimolek'hule dikopanong tse thibelang mahlakore a mabedi ho fokotsa matla a se nang bokahodimo ba sistimi yohle le ho hlahisa dikopano tse ntjha. Dimolek'hule tsa di-emulsifier di na le dihlopha tse phelang ka metsi le tse phelang ka metsi, tse ka monyelang hodima oli le metsi tse thibelang mahlakore ka ho latellana ho etsa dikarolo tse tshesane tsa dimolek'hule le ho fokotsa tsitsipano ya difacial pakeng tsa mekhahlelo ena e mmedi. Ha e le hantle, dimolek'hule tsa oli di sebelisana le dikarolo tsa di-emulsifier tse etsang lipophilic ha dimolek'hule tsa metsi di sebelisana le dikarolo tsa di-emulsifier tse thibelang mahlakore ka metsi, mme tshebedisano pakeng tsa mahlakore ana a mabedi e fetola tsitsipano ya difacial. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, di-emulsifier di etsa dikarolo tse sireletsang tsa adsorption hodima marothodi a manyane, di fa marothodi botsitso bo matla ba steric. Ka kakaretso, tekanyo e phahameng ya di-emulsifier e lebisa phokotsong e kgolo ya tsitsipano ya difacial. Sena se dumella dintho tse sa kopanyeheng qalong ho kopana ka ho lekana le ho theha sistimi ya ho hasana e tshwanang, e fetolang boemo ba pele ba mmele, e ntlafatsang sebopeho sa ka hare sa dijo, le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba dijo.
Boleng ba Tekanyo ea Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance
Tekanyo ea hydrophilic-lipophilic (HLB) boleng: Li-emulsifier tse nang le hydrophilicity e matla hangata li etsa li-emulsion tsa oli-ka metsing, ha tse nang le lipophilicity e matla li etsa li-emulsion tsa metsi-ka oli. Boleng ba HLB bo atisa ho sebelisoa ho hlalosa tekanyo ea hydrophilic-lipophilic ea li-emulsifier le ho lekanya hydrophilicity ea tsona. Mekhoa e mengata ea ho bala e fumaneha bakeng sa boleng ba HLB:
Foromo ea phapang: HLB = Ho phela ha lihlopha tse phelang ka metsi−Ho hloea lihlopha tse ratang lipophilic
Foromo ea karolelano: HLB = Ho phela ha lihlopha tse phelang ka metsi / Ho tšaba ho ba le lipophilic
Boleng ba HLB ba emulsifier ka 'ngoe bo ka fumanoa ka liteko. Ho boletsoe hore li-emulsifier tse nang le lipophilicity ea 100% (e emetsoeng ke boka ba parafini) li na le boleng ba HLB ba 0, 'me tse nang le hydrophilicity ea 100% (e emetsoeng ke potassium oleate) li na le boleng ba HLB ba 20. Palo e pakeng tsa 0 le 20 e arotsoe ka likarolo tse 20 tse lekanang ho bontša matla a hydrophilicity le lipophilicity. Boleng bo phahameng ba HLB bo tsamaisana le hydrophilicity e matla, athe boleng bo tlase ba HLB bo bolela lipophilicity e matla.
Bongata ba di-emulsifier tsa maemo a dijo ke di-surfactant tse seng tsa ionic tse nang le boleng ba HLB bo tlohang ho 0 ho isa ho 20; thepa e tsamaellanang ya di-emulsifier tse seng tsa ionic tse nang le boleng bo fapaneng ba HLB e thathamisitsoe tafoleng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, di-surfactants tsa ionic di na le boleng ba HLB bo tlohang ho 0 ho isa ho 40. Ka hona, di-emulsifier tse nang le boleng ba HLB bo ka tlase ho 10 di na le boholo ba lipophilic, ha tse nang le boleng ba HLB bo lekanang le kapa bo fetang 10 di bontsha dibopeho tsa hydrophilic.
Bakeng sa di-emulsifier tse tswakilweng, boleng ba tsona ba HLB ke tlatsetso. Ka hona, ha di-emulsifier tse pedi kapa ho feta di sebediswa mmoho, boleng ba HLB ba emulsifier e tswakilweng bo ka balwa ho latela dikarolwana tsa boima ba emulsifier ka nngwe: HLBa,b = HLBa·A% + HLBb·B%
Moo HLBa,b e bontšang boleng ba HLB ba motsoako oa emulsifier a le emulsifier b; HLBa le HLBb li emela boleng ba HLB bo amehang ba emulsifier a le emulsifier b; A% le B% li emela liperesente tsa boima ba emulsifier a le emulsifier b ho emulsifier e tsoakiloeng (Foromo ena e sebetsa feela ho li-emulsifier tse seng tsa ionic).
Mekhoa ea ho Lokisetsa le Lintlha tse Susumetsang tsa Li-Emulsifier
Ho na le mekhoa e mene ea ho lokisa li-emulsifier, e leng mokhoa oa ho omella gum, mokhoa oa ho nosetsa gum, mokhoa oa ho kopanya oli le metsi le mokhoa oa mechine.
Mokhoa oa chepisi e omileng o kenyelletsa ho eketsa karolo ea metsi karolong ea oli e nang le li-emulsifier. Nakong ea ho lokisa, phofo ea chepisi (emulsifier) e qala ka ho tsoakoa ka ho lekana le oli, ho eketsoa metsi a itseng, 'me motsoako o siloa ebe o kenngoa emulsion ea mantlha, e lateloe ke ho eketsa metsi ho fihlela bophahamo bo felletseng. Mokhoa oa chepisi e metsi o bolela ho eketsa karolo ea oli karolong ea metsi e nang le li-emulsifier. Ha ho lokisoa, chepisi (emulsifier) e qhibilihisoa pele ka metsing ho etsa hore chepisi e be karolo ea metsi; ebe karolo ea oli e eketsoa karolong ea metsi ka lihlopha ebe e siloa ho emulsion ea mantlha, ka mor'a moo metsi a eketsoa ho fihlela bophahamo bo felletseng. Mokhoa oa ho kopanya karolo ea oli le metsi o bolela ho kopanya oli le metsi a itseng, ho sila chepisi ea chepisi ea acacia ka har'a seretse, ho eketsa motsoako oa metsi a oli ho eona ho sila ka potlako ho emulsion ea mantlha, ebe o qhibiliha ka metsi.
Ho lokisoa ha li-emulsifier ho ikemiseditse haholo ho etsa emulsify mefuta e 'meli ea metsi, 'me phello ea emulsification e na le tšusumetso e kholo boleng ba li-emulsion. Mabaka a ka sehloohong a amang emulsification a kenyelletsa tsitsipano ea interfacial, viscosity le mocheso, nako ea emulsification, le tekanyo ea li-emulsifier. Ka kakaretso, li-emulsifier tse ka fokotsang tsitsipano ea interfacial haholo lia khethoa. Mocheso o motle oa emulsification bakeng sa li-emulsifier ke hoo e ka bang 70°C; haeba di-surfactant tse seng tsa ionic di sebediswa e le di-emulsifier, mocheso wa emulsification o ke ke wa feta ntlha ya leru la tsona. Ka kakaretso, ha tekanyo ya di-emulsifier e le hodimo, di-emulsion tse bopilweng di tla ba tse tsitsitseng haholoanyane.
Nako ea poso: Phupu-21-2026