Te tikanga o te hinu matangā mea whakakore i ngā matūko te tikanga whakawhiti-whakamuri āhuahanga. Mā te tāpiri o ngā mea whakakore i ngā matū ka tīmata te whakawhiti āhuahanga, ka putangā matū horoi(ngā kaiwhakakore whakamuri) e hanga ana i ngā emulsion o te momo rerekē ki ērā i hangaia e ngā emulsifier. Ka tauhohe aua demulsifier ki ngā emulsifier hydrophobic hei hanga matatini, ā, ka tangohia te kaha emulsifier o ngā emulsifier.
Te tikanga pakaru o te kiriata ā-mata tukinga. I raro i ngā āhuatanga whakamahana, whakaoho rānei, ka nui ngā whai wāhitanga a ngā kaiwhakaiti matū ki te tukinga ki te kiriata ā-mata o ngā whakamomona, ka piri ki te kiriata ā-mata, ka nekehia rānei tētahi wāhanga o ngā matū hohe-mata. Ka pakaru te kiriata ā-mata, ka tino whakaiti i tōna pumau, ā, ka arahi ki te whakakorenga mā te flocculation me te coalescence.
He maha ngā wā ka puta mai ngā hinu mata i te wā e hangaia ana, e whakamahia ana hoki ngā hua hinu. Ko te nuinga o ngā hinu mata nui o te ao ka tangohia i roto i te āhua o ngā wai mata. Ko te wai mata he mea hanga mai i te iti rawa e rua ngā wai e kore e taea te whakaranu, ko tētahi o ēnei ka whakatārewatia hei wai tino angiangi.—ngā pata he whānui tata ki te 1 mm—i roto i te wai kē atu.
Ko tētahi o ēnei wai he wai te nuinga, ko tētahi he hinu te nuinga. Ka marara pea te hinu hei pata ririki i roto i te wai, ka hanga he ranunga hinu-i-roto-i-te-wai, ko te wai te wāhanga tonu, ko te hinu te wāhanga marara. I tetahi atu taha, ina mahi te hinu hei wāhanga tonu, ā, ko te wai te wāhanga marara, ka whakarōpūtia te ranunga hei wai-i-te-hinu. Ko te nuinga o ngā ranunga hinu mata ka taka ki tēnei wāhanga.
Ka kukume ngā ngota wai tetahi ki tetahi, ā, ka rite te whanonga o ngā ngota hinu. Heoi, kei reira ngā kaha pana i waenga i ngā ngota wai takitahi me ngā ngota hinu, e mahi ana i te hononga hinu-wai. Ka whakaitihia e te kukū mata te horahanga o tēnei hononga. Nā tēnei take, ka huri te āhua porowhita o ngā pata wai i roto i ngā whakapūtanga wai-i-te-hinu (W/O). Hei tāpiri, ka hangaia e ngā pata wai motuhake he kohinga he iti ake te horahanga mata katoa i te tapeke o ngā horahanga mata o ngā pata motuhake katoa. Nō reira, ko ngā whakapūtanga i hangaia mai i te wai parakore me te hinu parakore he koretake te pāmahana; ka rere te wāhanga marara, ka hanga he paparanga motuhake e rua. Ka taea te ārai i ngā kaha pana i te hononga, ā, ka whakaitihia te kukū mata mā te kohikohi i ngā matū matū motuhake i te hononga hinu-wai. I roto i te hangarau, ka whakamahia whānuitia tēnei pānga i roto i te hanga ahumahi mā te tāpiri i ngā emulsifiers rongonui hei whakaputa i ngā whakapūtanga pumau. Ko tētahi matū e taea ai te whakaū i ngā whakapūtanga i tēnei ara me whai hanganga matū e taunekeneke ana ki ngā ngota wai me te hinu i te wā kotahi, arā, kei roto i tētahi rōpū hydrophilic me tētahi rōpū hydrophobic.
Ka whakauhia ngā hinu mata e ngā matū taiao kei roto i te hinu mata, e mau ana i ngā rōpū mahi polar pēnei i te carboxyl, i ngā rōpū phenolic rānei. Tērā pea kei roto i te āhua o ēnei matū he otinga, he marara colloidal rānei, ā, ka kitea te āhua o te piri ki ngā mata mutunga. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, ka marara te nuinga o ngā matūriki iti i roto i te wāhanga hinu, ka kohikohi ki te hononga hinu-wai, ka tūhono tahi me ō rātou rōpū polar e anga ana ki te wāhanga wai, ā, ka hanga he kiriata hononga pumau. Ka kapihia tēnei kiriata e ngā matū totoka e rite ana ki ngā paparanga matūriki, ki ngā tioata paraffin rānei, e kitea ana e te kanohi tahanga. Ko tēnei tikanga te take o te koroheketanga me te uaua o te tango i ngā āhuatanga o ngā hinu mata.
[Kua tangohia te tuhinga Hainamana koretake]
I ngā tau tata nei, ko te rangahau mō ngā tikanga whakakorenga o ngā whakamomona hinu mata kua aro nui ki te whakaahua taipitopito i ngā tukanga whakakotahitanga pata me te awe o ngā whakamomona ki ngā āhuatanga rheological atanga. Heoi anō, he tino uaua ngā taunekeneke i waenga i ngā whakamomona me ngā whakamomona. Ahakoa te nui o ngā rangahau i mahia i roto i tēnei mara, kāore anō kia tae mai he whakaae kotahi mō ngā tikanga whakakorenga tae noa ki tēnei wā.
He maha ngā tikanga whakakorenga e mōhiotia whānuitia ana kua whakarārangihia penei:
③Tikanga Whakarewa: Ka taea e te kotahi, e te iti rānei o ngā ngota whakarewa te huihui hei micelle. Ka whakarewahia e ēnei koiri macromolecular, micelle rānei ngā ngota whakarewa, ka tīmata te whakarewa i ngā whakaemulsion hinu mata.
④Tikanga Whakarerekētanga Whakapiko: E whakaū ana ngā tirohanga mōkito he takirua, he maha rānei ngā anga wai porowhita o ngā whakamomona W/O e wehea ana e ngā paparanga hinu. I raro i te whakamahana, te whakaoho me te maimoatanga whakakore matū, ka honoa ngā paparanga o roto o ngā pata, ka puta te whakakotahitanga me te whakakore matū o ngā pata.
Hei tāpiritanga, kua rangahauhia hoki e ngā rangahau ā-rohe ngā tikanga whakakorenga mō ngā pūnaha whakaehu hinu-i-roto-i-te-wai (O/W). E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau me tutuki i tētahi kaiwhakakorenga pai ngā whakaritenga matua e whā: te kaha o te mata, te mākū pai, te kaha ki te whakapūpū i te wai, me te mahi whakakotahitanga tino pai.
He whānuitia ngā momo o ngā demulsifier. E ai ki ngā paerewa whakarōpūtanga surfactant, e whā ngā momo: cationic, anionic, nonionic, me amphoteric demulsifiers.
Kei roto i ngā mea whakakore i ngā matū anionic ko ngā carboxylates, ngā sulfonates, me ngā tote polyoxyethylene fatty sulfate, ā, he ngoikoretanga ēnei pērā i te nui o ngā horopeta e hiahiatia ana, te koretake o te pai o te whakakore i ngā matū, me te ngawari ki te heke te mahi i puta mai i ngā electrolytes.
Ko ngā mea whakakore matū cationic he tote ammonium quaternary te nuinga, e tuku ana i te mahi whakakore matū whakamiharo mō te hinu mata māmā engari kāore e pai mō te hinu taumaha me te hinu mata kua tawhito.
Ngā kaiwhakakore matū kore-ionicKo te nuinga o ngā mea he polyether poraka i tīmatahia e ngā amine, ngā polyether poraka i tīmatahia e ngā waipiro, ngā polyether poraka kapia alkylphenol-formaldehyde, ngā polyether poraka kapia phenol-amine-formaldehyde, ngā kaiwhakakore i roto i te silicon, ngā kaiwhakakore i te taumaha ngota tino teitei, ngā polyphosphates, ngā polyether poraka kua whakarerekētia, me ngā kaiwhakakore amphoteric e tohuhia ana e ngā kaiwhakakore hinu mata i ahu mai i te imidazoline.
Wā tuku: Hōngongoi-09-2026