Masu binciken cationicSuna ɗauke da caji akasin na anionic surfactants, don haka galibi ana kiransu da "sabulun da aka juya". A kimiyyance, suna ɗauke da aƙalla tsayi ɗaya.-ƙungiyar sarkar hydrophobic da ɗaya tabbatacce-Rukunin hydrophilic mai caji. Dogon-Ana samun rukunin hydrophobic na sarkar abinci gabaɗaya daga fatty acids ko petrochemicals; saboda haka, fatty amine suna aiki azaman kayan masarufi masu mahimmanci ga cationic surfactants. Cationic surfactants suna da ƙarancin sabulun wanki, duk da haka suna da manyan kaddarorin antibacterial da kuma babban shaƙa don shawa a saman tauri. A cikin kayan kwalliya, ana amfani da su azaman kayan gyaran gashi, ƙwayoyin cuta, magungunan bacteriostatic, masu laushi da kuma maganin hana tsufa.-ƙarin abubuwan caries.
Amines masu kitse tushen halitta ne a zahiri. Ba a cika caji su a cikin mafita masu tsaka tsaki ba kuma ba sa nuna wani aiki na saman cationic a ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi, kuma suna zama masu lipophilic a ƙimar pH sama da 7. Gishirin amine na ƙasa da aka samu ta hanyar hana narkewa tare da acid marasa tsari ko na halitta suna da isasshen narkewa kuma an san su sosai a matsayin masu tasiri na cationic surfactants. Gishirin halitta gabaɗaya sun fi ruwa yawa.-gishirin da ba na halitta ba yana narkewa. Ba kasafai ake haɗa su cikin sinadaran sabulu da tsaftacewa ba.
Ba-Nau'in cationic na quaternary suna da matuƙar saurin kamuwa da pH, ions masu yawa da electrolytes.
Ethoxylation na kitsen amines yana samar da ethoxylated amines. Bayan daidaita pH, irin waɗannan surfactants suna dacewa da cationic surfactants kuma suna ba da sabulu mai kyau.
Tsaftace kitsen amine tare da salicylic acid koαchlorobenzoic acid na iya haɓaka aikin antifungal ɗin su.
Abubuwan da ke cikin Quaternary ammonium da aka samo daga fatty amine suna wakiltar nau'in cationic surfactants da aka fi amfani da su.
Gishirin ammonium na Quaternary suna nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali a cikin ruwan acidic ko alkaline (ƙasa da 100)°C). Narkewarsu yana da alaƙa da alkyl-Tsawon sarkar: tsawon sarƙoƙin alkyl sun yi daidai da ƙarancin narkewar ruwa. Gishirin ammonium na Monoalkyltrimethyl quaternary tare da C16-Sarkunan C18 ba sa narkewa sosai a cikin ruwa, suna narkewa a cikin sinadarai masu narkewa na polar, kuma ba sa narkewa a cikin abubuwan da ba su narkewa ba-ruwan da ke narkewa a cikin polar. Gishirin ammonium na Dialkyldimethyl quaternary yana narkewa a cikin abubuwan da ba su da sinadarai masu narkewa.-sinadaran da ke narkewa a cikin ruwa amma ba sa narkewa a cikin ruwa.
Ayyukan musamman na gishirin ammonium na quaternary sun samo asali ne daga shaƙarsu zuwa ga mummunan tasirinsu.-da kuma tasirinsu na kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Ya kamata a jaddada cewa haɗuwa da anionic surfactants, oxides, peroxides, silicates, silver nitrate, sodium citrate, sodium tartrate, borax, kaolin, sunadarai da wasu polymers galibi suna haifar da raguwar ayyukan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ko turbidity cikin sauƙi.
Narkewar gishirin alkyl quaternary ammonium ya dogara ne akan rukunin hydrophilic ɗinsu; ƙarin rukunin hydrophilic suna kawo ingantaccen narkewar ruwa. Shirye-shiryen da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da 5 maganin isopropanol na wt% ko 10 ruwan wt% tare da kewayon pH na 6-9. Suna da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, suna da juriya ga haske, zafi, acid mai ƙarfi da alkalis mai ƙarfi, kuma suna nuna shigar azzakari, kaddarorin hana rikice-rikice, da aikin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta (mafi kyau ga C12)-(C16 homologues) da kuma tsatsa mai ban mamaki-yana hana aiki. Gishirin ammonium na Alkyldimethyl quaternary yana ɗauke da dogayen guda biyu-Suna da kyawawan halaye masu laushi da hana kumburi tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, tare da kyawawan halaye na jika da kuma tsarkakewa. Ba su da ɗan haushi fiye da gishirin alkyltrimethyl quaternary ammonium. Suna nuna halayen cationic a ƙarƙashin yanayin acidic mai rauni kuma suna samar da abubuwa marasa ƙarfi.-nau'ikan ionic a ƙarƙashin yanayin tsaka tsaki da alkaline.
Gishirin Alkyl Imidazoline
Ana haɗa Alkyl imidazolines ta hanyar mayar da martani ga fatty acids tare da ethylenediamines da aka maye gurbinsu. Bayan dumama (yawanci 220).-240°C), sakamakon amidoethylamine yana canzawa zuwa alkyl imidazoline.
Alkyl imidazoline wani nau'in amine ne na monocyclic tertiary kuma yana aiki a matsayin tushe mai ƙarfi matsakaici. A matsayinsa na cationic surfactant na yau da kullun, yana shiga sosai akan mummunan abu.-saman da aka caji kamar gashi, fata, haƙora, gilashi, takarda, zare, ƙarfe da silicon-abubuwan da ke ɗauke da sinadarai. Gishiri da aka samu da ruwa-Sinadaran da ke narkewa suna samar da gels a yawan mai. Gishirin acetic acid, nicotinic acid, phosphoric acid da sulfuric acid ruwa ne-mai narkewa, yayin da suke da dogon-sarkar mai mai-Gishirin acid man fetur ne-Suna da kyau wajen narkewa. Suna nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali a ajiya a ƙarƙashin danshi-yanayin tabbatarwa, duk da haka ruwan sama na kristal na iya faruwa bayan dogon lokaci-ajiya na ɗan lokaci ko a yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi; ana iya dawo da daidaito ta hanyar ɗumamawa da juyawa. Fuskantar ruwa ko danshi yana haifar da hydrolysis a hankali wanda ke canza ayyukansu. Dumama mai tsawo har ma har zuwa 165°C ba ya lalata kwanciyar hankali, kodayake canza launin na iya faruwa. Abin lura ne cewa alkyl imidazoline, a matsayin tushe mai ƙarfi matsakaici, yana haifar da ƙaiƙayi mai yawa ga fata da idanu, yayin da gishirin alkyl imidazoline yana da ƙarancin ƙaiƙayi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-25-2026