Ngā matū horoi kationikaHe rerekē ngā utu o ēnei i ngā utu o ngā surfactants anionic, nō reira ka kiia he "hopi hurihuri". I roto i te matū, kei roto i a rātou te iti rawa i te kotahi te roa-rōpū hydrophobic mekameka me te kotahi pai-rōpū hydrophilic kua utua. Ko te roa-Ko ngā rōpū mekameka hydrophobic e ahu mai ana i ngā waikawa ngako, i ngā matū hinu rānei; nō reira, he rauemi mata nui ngā amine ngako mō ngā surfactants cationic. He iti noa te kaha horoi o ngā surfactants cationic, engari he āhuatanga antibacterial nui, he kaha hoki ki te mimiti ki ngā mata pakeke. I roto i ngā whakapaipai, e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei whakangawari makawe, hei patu huakita, hei kaihoko bacteriostatic, hei whakangawari me te anti--ngā tāpiringa mō ngā caries.
Ko ngā amine ngako he turanga waro. Kāore he utu i roto i ngā otinga kūpapa, ā, kāore e whakaatu i te ngohe o te mata cationic i raro i ēnei āhuatanga, ā, ka lipophilic i ngā uara pH neke atu i te 7. Ko ngā tote amine tuatoru i whiwhihia mā te whakakorenga ki ngā waikawa inorganic, waro rānei, he nui te wairewa, ā, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana he surfactants cationic whai hua. Ko ngā tote waro he nui ake te wai.-he wairewa ake i ngā tote kore-waro. Kāore i te maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia ki roto i ngā whakatakotoranga hopi me ngā mea horoi.
Kāore-He tino tairongo ngā momo cationic quaternary ki te pH, ki ngā katote maha-valent me ngā electrolytes.
Mā te ethoxylation o ngā amine momona ka puta he amine ethoxylated. I muri i te whakatikatika pH, ka hototahi aua surfactants ki ngā surfactants cationic, ā, ka pai te hopi.
Te whakakore i ngā amine ngako me te waikawa salicylic, teā-Ka taea e te waikawa chlorobenzoic te whakarei ake i tana mahi antifungal.
Ko ngā pūhui ammonia quaternary i ahu mai i ngā amine ngako te momo surfactants cationic e whakamahia whānuitia ana.
He pai te pumau o ngā tote ammonia quaternary i roto i ngā papa waikawa, kawakore rānei (i raro i te 100°C). He hononga tō rātou wairewatanga ki te alkyl-te roa o te mekameka: ko ngā mekameka alkyl roa ake e rite ana ki te wairewatanga iti iho i te wai. Ngā tote ammonium quaternary monoalkyltrimethyl me te C16-He iti noa te wairewa o ngā mekameka C18 ki te wai, he wairewa ki ngā whakarewa porotaka, ā, kāore e wairewa ki ngā mea kāore i te wairewa.-ngā whakarewa porotaka. Ka rewa ngā tote ammonia quaternary dialkyldimethyl i roto i ngā mea kāore i te-ngā whakarewa pūmau engari kāore e wairewa i roto i te wai.
Ko ngā mahi motuhake a ngā tote ammonia quaternary e ahu mai ana i tō rātou mimiti ki runga i te hau kino.-ngā mata kua whakakīia me ō rātou pānga patu huakita me te patu huakita. Me whakanui ko te whakakotahitanga me ngā surfactants anionic, ngā waikura, ngā peroxides, ngā silicates, te silver nitrate, te sodium citrate, te sodium tartrate, te borax, te kaolin, ngā pūmua me ētahi polymers ka tino whakaiti i te mahi patu huakita, te pōuri rānei.
Ko te wairewatanga o ngā tote ammonia quaternary alkyl e whakawhirinaki ana ki ō rātou rōpū hydrophilic; ko ngā rōpū hydrophilic he nui ake te wairewatanga ka pai ake. Ko ngā whakaritenga noa ko te 5 ngā otinga isopropanol wt%, 10 rānei ngā otinga wai wt% me te awhe pH o te 6-9. He tino pai te pumau matū, he ātete ki te mārama, te wera, ngā waikawa kaha me ngā kawakore kaha, ā, e whakaatu ana i te urunga, ngā āhuatanga ārai-pūmau, te mahi patu huakita (tino pai mō te C12-ngā tauira C16) me te waikura tino kaha-e aukati ana i te mahi. Kei roto i ngā tote ammonia quaternary alkyldimethyl e rua ngā roa-ngā wāhanga wai-whakahē alkyl mekameka. He pai ō rātou āhuatanga whakangawari me te ārai-pūmau me te kaha patu huakita taurite, me ngā whanonga whakamakuku me te whakaemulsifying pai. He iti ake te whakapataritari i ngā tote ammonium quaternary alkyltrimethyl. He āhua cationic tō rātou i raro i ngā āhuatanga waikawa ngoikore, ā, ka hanga i te kore--ngā momo katote i raro i ngā āhuatanga kūpapa me ngā āhuatanga kawakore.
Ngā Tote Alkyl Imidazoline
Ka hangaia ngā alkyl imidazolines mā te tauhohe i ngā waikawa ngako me ngā ethylenediamine kua whakakapia. I te whakamahana (te tikanga 220-240°C), ka huri te amidoethylamine hua hei alkyl imidazoline.
He amine tuatoru monocyclic organic te alkyl imidazoline, ā, he turanga kaha āhua tōna. Hei surfactant cationic noa, ka piri pūmau ki runga i te-ngā mata kua whakakīia ki te hiko pērā i te makawe, te kiri, ngā niho, te karāhe, te pepa, ngā muka, ngā konganuku me te silicon-ngā rauemi kei roto. Ngā tote i hangaia ki te wai-Ko ngā waikawa wairewa ka hanga i ngā kirikiri i ngā kukū tiketike. Ko ngā tote o te waikawa acetic, te waikawa nicotinic, te waikawa phosphoric me te waikawa whanariki he wai-wairewa, ko tō rātou roa-mekameka momona-he hinu ngā tote waikawa-wairewa. He pai te pumau o te rokiroki i raro i te makuku-ngā āhuatanga ārai, engari tera pea ka puta he ua tioata i muri i te roa-te rokiroki mō te wā roa, i ngā pāmahana iti rānei; ka taea te whakahoki mai i te ōritetanga mā te whakamahana me te whakaoho. Ka puta te wai, te makuku rānei i te waikura haere tonu ka whakarerekē i tā rātou mahi. Mā te whakamahana roa tae noa ki te 165°Kāore a C e whakararu i te pumau, ahakoa ka puta pea te tae ke. He mea nui kia mōhiotia ko te alkyl imidazoline, he turanga kaha āhua, ka tino whakapataritari i te kiri me ngā kanohi, engari he iti ake te whakapataritari o ngā tote alkyl imidazoline.
Wā tuku: 25 o Ākuhata-2026