Gushyira mu byiciro isuku mu nganda

Ibisabwa ku buziranenge

RusangeIsuku mu nganda, Isuku y'inganda igezweho no gusukura inganda neza cyane

Isuku rusange mu nganda ikubiyemo gusukura ubuso bw'ibinyabiziga, amato n'indege, bishobora gukuraho gusa umwanda ukabije.

Isuku y’inganda ikozwe neza ikubiyemo isuku mu gihe cyo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bitandukanye no gusukura ubuso bw’ibikoresho n’ibikoresho bitandukanye, birangwa n’ubushobozi bwo gukuraho utuntu duto tw’umwanda.

Gusukura mu nganda neza cyane bivuga gusukura neza cyane ibice bya mekanike, ibice by'ikoranabuhanga, ibice by'urumuri n'ibindi bintu mu buryo bunonosoye, hagamijwe gukuraho uduce duto cyane tw'umwanda.

Uburyo bwo gusukura

Isuku y'umubiri naGusukura imiti

Isuku y'umubiri ikurikiza amahame ya mekanike, acoustics, optique, amashanyarazi na thermodynamics. Ishingiye ku ngufu zo hanze nko gukururana kwa mekanike, imiraba ya ultrasonic, umuvuduko mubi, umuvuduko mwinshi, ingaruka, imirasire ya ultraviolet n'umwuka ushyushye, ikuraho umwanda ku buso bw'ikintu idahinduye imiterere y'ibinyabutabire by'ibintu byanduye, bivuze ko imiterere y'umwimerere ya molekile ya chemical idahinduka.

①Uburyo bwo gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga: gusukura imiyoboro yo gusukamo imashini, gusukura imiyoboro yo gucukura, gusukura amasasu.

②Gusukura hifashishijwe hydraulic: gusukura hifashishijwe umuvuduko muto w’amashanyarazi, ufite umuvuduko uri hagati ya kilopascal 196 na 686, ufite imbaraga zingana na kilogram 2 kugeza kuri 7 kuri santimetero kare, bingana na 0.2 kugeza kuri 0.7 MPa.

③Gusukura hifashishijwe umuvuduko mwinshi: umuvuduko wo gusukura hifashishijwe umuvuduko mwinshi ugera kuri kilopascal 4900, hafi kilogram 50-ingufu kuri santimetero kare, bingana na 5 MPa. Ubu buryo buzwi kandi nka cleaning water jet cleaning hifashishijwe umuvuduko mwinshi kandi bushyirwa mu bikorwa hifashishijwe imashini zisukura hifashishijwe umuvuduko mwinshi.

Gusukura imiti bikuraho umwanda wo ku butaka binyuze mu gukora imiti hakoreshejwe imiti cyangwa ibindi bintu bishongesha. Urugero, harimo gukuraho ingese na limescale hamwe na aside zitandukanye zidafite umwimerere cyangwa organic, no gukuraho ibizinga byo ku butaka hamwe na oxydants. Imiti ikora hamwe n'ibintu bihumanya ikirere cyangwa ibitwikiriye (nk'ibisigazwa by'ibipimo) kugira ngo bikureho, harimo no gukaraba aside no gukaraba alkaline kugira ngo bikureho ibipimo. Kugira ngo hirindwe ingese mu gihe cyo gusukura imiti cyangwa kugenzura igipimo cy'ingese mu buryo bwemewe, ingano ikwiye y'ibintu bigabanya ingese n'ibindi bintu bifite ubushobozi bwo gukora, kwinjira no gutosesha bikunze kongerwa mu miti isukura imiti.

Uburyo bwo gusukura；uburyo bwo kwibiza, uburyo bwo kuzenguruka, uburyo bwo gusukura kuri interineti (bwitwa kandi uburyo bwo gusukura imiti idahagarara).

Ihame ryo kurwanya kwaguka no kugabanya ubunini bw'amazi mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga: amashanyarazi akoresha ingufu nyinshi avugurura imiterere y'amazi kugira ngo agere ku ngaruka zo kurwanya kwaguka no kugabanya ubunini. Iyo amazi anyuze mu murima w'amashanyarazi ukoresha ingufu nyinshi, imiterere y'umubiri wayo irahinduka. Uduce duto tw'umwimerere tw'uruhererekane duhindukamo uduce duto tw'amazi. Uduce twiza n'utubi tw'umunyu dushongeshejwe mu mazi dukikijwe n'uduce duto tw'amazi, ibyo bigabanya umuvuduko w'ingendo zawo, bigabanya inshuro zo gukubitana neza kandi bigaca intege gukurura amashanyarazi. Utwo duce ntidushobora kongera kwibumbira ku nkuta zishyushye cyangwa ku buso bw'imiyoboro, bityo bikabuza ko habaho ingano. Hagati aho, kwiyongera kwa dipole moment y'utundi duce tw'amazi byongera ubushobozi bwo gufatana hamwe na utwo duce twiza n'utubi (utundi duce tw'imiyoboro), koroshya utwo duce tw'imiyoboro ku buso bushyushye no ku nkuta z'imiyoboro kugira ngo byoroshye gutandukana no gukuraho ubunini.

Guhagarika no kugabanya uburebure bw'amazi bigerwaho kimwe n'ibyo gukuraho uburebure bw'amazi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa elegitoroniki, nubwo byishingikiriza ku miterere y'amazi aho gukoresha imiterere y'amashanyarazi. Uburyo bw'imikorere buri mu miterere ya polarity (imiterere ya dipole) y'amazi. Iyo dipole z'amazi zinyuze mu murima wa elegitoroniki, zihuza buri gihe kandi neza hakoreshejwe uburyo bwiza n'ububi. Iyoni z'umunyu zashongeshejwe mu mazi zitwikiriwe na dipole z'amazi kandi zigashyirwa mu byiciro bya dipole, bikabuza kugenda kwazo neza no kuzibuza kwegera cyangwa gushyira ku nkuta z'imiyoboro/ibikoresho kugira ngo bikore limescale. Byongeye kandi, ogisijeni iva mu mazi ikora filime nto cyane ya okiside ku nkuta z'imiyoboro kugira ngo igabanye ingese ku nkuta.

Imashini zo Gusukura

Gusukura amazi no gusukura byumye

Isuku ikorerwa mu byuma bisukura amazi muri rusange isobanurwa nk'isukura ikoresheje amazi, kandi uburyo bwinshi bwo gusukura busanzwe buri muri iki cyiciro.

Isuku ikorerwa mu byuma bisukura mu buryo bw'umwuka ishyirwa mu byiciro by'isukura yumye, harimo gusukura hakoreshejwe laser, gusukura ultraviolet, gusukura plasma no gusukura urubura rwumye.

Ibikoresho bigabanya ingese

Umuti ubuza ingese ni ikintu cyongerwa ku gipimo gito mu byuma bigabanya ingese cyane. Ubu buryo bwo kurinda icyuma buzwi nka "corrosion inhibitor protection".

Ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'ibigabanya ingese

Ukurikije uburyo bikorwa: inhibitor za anodic, inhibitor za cathodic, inhibitor za mixed-type

Dukurikije imiterere ya firime irinda: imiti igabanya ubushyuhe mu gukora firime, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe mu bwoko bwa adsorption, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe mu gukora firime.

Ibindi bipimo ngenderwaho mu gushyira mu byiciro:

①Ibibuza ingese mu buryo bw'umwimerere n'ubudahangarwa

②Ibipimo byo kwangirika kw'ibice by'amazi, ibice bya gaze n'ibice bikomeye

③Ibyuma bigabanya ingese mu byuma, umuringa na aluminiyumu

④Ibuza aside, alkaline n'ubudahangarwa bwo kwangirika

Ibintu byo gusukura

Gutegura isuku mbere yo gutangira, isuku idahagarara no gufunga isuku yo kubungabunga

Isuku mbere yo gutangira

Ibikoresho bishya bya shimi bigomba gusukurwa no gukurwaho imiti mbere yo gutangira gukoreshwa. Byagaragaye ko gusukurwa no gukurwaho imiti mbere yo gutangira bitanga inyungu zikomeye ku mutekano w'umusaruro no kunoza ubukungu, bigatanga inyungu nyinshi mu bukungu.

Intego zo gukora isuku mbere yo gutangira no gukwirakwiza amazi mu buryo bwa Passivation

Igipimo cy'inganda gikorerwa ku bikoresho by'icyuma nk'imiyoboro y'icyuma, amasahani y'icyuma n'icyuma kitagira umugese mu gihe cyo kuzinga. Ingese, ubushuhe, ibikoresho byo gukumira ingese bikoreshwa mu byuma bikingira ingese, ivumbi, umucanga, sima, ibikoresho byo gushyushya ubushyuhe n'indi myanda byirundanya ku bikoresho mu gihe cyo gukora, gutwara, kubika no gushyiraho. Uko ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho bugenda bwiyongera, igihe kuva ku gukora imiyoboro y'icyuma n'amasahani, binyuze mu gukora ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo gutwara no gushyiraho kugeza ku gutangira gukora burundu kiragenda kirushaho kwiyongera. Ingano nyinshi zo gusudira n'ubuso bunini bushyushye bituma ingano yose y'ibintu birimo ubushuhe, ingese, ubushuhe, uburyo bwo gukumira ingese n'ibitaka.

Nyuma yo gusukura, hakorwa agapira gakomeye gatuma ibintu bidashobora gusohoka ku byuma bisukuye. Aka gapira karinda umwanda kongera kugaruka kandi gatanga uburinzi bwizewe ku bikoresho byangiritse cyangwa ibindi byangiritse.

Isuku idahagarara

Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bya shimi ntibishobora guhagarika imikorere yo kubungabunga no gusukura mu gihe cyo gukora, ibyo bikaba byarateye imbere mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura mu buryo buhoraho. Uburyo bwo gusukura mu ngo bugezweho butuma isuku n’imikorere y’imiti bikomeza gukora, bigatuma ibikoresho bihora bikora neza kandi bigakomeza gukora neza.

Isuku yo Guhagarika Isuku

Gusukura ibikoresho bifunga bivuze ibikorwa byo gusukura ibikoresho byose mu gihe cy’umwaka cyo kuvugurura ibigo by’imiti. Ubusanzwe, ibikoresho bimwe bisukurwa hakoreshejwe imiti cyangwa isukurwa hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi w’amazi mu gihe cyo kubikora.