Izidingo Zobunono
JikeleleUkuhlanzwa Kwezimboni, Ukuhlanzwa Kwezimboni Okunembile kanye Nokuhlanza Kwezimboni Okunembile Kakhulu
Ukuhlanza okuvamile kwezimboni kuhilela ukuhlanza izindawo zezimoto, imikhumbi nezindiza, okungasusa kuphela ukungcola okuqinile.
Ukuhlanza izimboni ngendlela enembile kuhlanganisa ukuhlanza ngesikhathi sokucubungula imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene nokuhlanza izindawo ngezinto ezahlukene kanye nemishini, okubonakala ngamandla ayo okususa izinhlayiya ezincane zokungcola.
Ukuhlanza izimboni okunembe kakhulu kubhekisela ekuhlanzweni okunembe kakhulu kwezingxenye zemishini, izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, izingxenye ze-optical nezinye izinto ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza ngokunembe kakhulu, ngenhloso yokususa izinhlayiya zokungcola ezincane kakhulu.
Izindlela Zokuhlanza
Ukuhlanzwa Komzimba kanyeUkuhlanza Amakhemikhali
Ukuhlanzwa ngokomzimba kusebenzisa izimiso ze-mechanics, i-acoustic, i-optics, ugesi kanye ne-thermodynamics. Ithembele emandleni angaphandle njengokungqubuzana kwemishini, amaza e-ultrasonic, ingcindezi engemihle, ingcindezi ephezulu, umthelela, imisebe ye-ultraviolet kanye nomusi, isusa ukungcola ezindaweni zento ngaphandle kokushintsha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwezinto ezingcolisayo, okusho ukuthi isakhiwo sokuqala sama-molecule amakhemikhali asishintshi.
①Izindlela zokuhlanza ngemishini: ukuhlanza i-sweeper kanye ne-scraper, ukuhlanza ukubhoboza amapayipi, ukuhlanza ngokudubula.
②Ukuhlanzwa kwe-hydraulic: ukuhlanzwa kwe-hydraulic okunomfutho ophansi onengcindezi esukela kuma-kilopascal angu-196 kuya ku-686, cishe amandla angamakhilogremu angu-2 kuya ku-7 ngesentimitha lesikwele, okulingana no-0.2 kuya ku-0.7 MPa.
③Ukuhlanzwa kwe-hydraulic okunomfutho ophezulu: ingcindezi yokuhlanza okunomfutho ophezulu ifinyelela kuma-kilopascal angu-4900, cishe amandla angamakhilogremu angu-50 ngesentimitha lesikwele, alingana no-5 MPa. Le ndlela yaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlanza i-water jet okunomfutho ophezulu futhi isetshenziswa ngemishini yokuhlanza enomfutho ophezulu.
Ukuhlanza ngamakhemikhali kususa ukungcola kobuso ezintweni ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kusetshenziswa ama-chemical agents noma ezinye izinyibilikisi. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukususa ukugqwala kanye ne-limescale ngama-acid ahlukahlukene angaphili noma aphilayo, kanye nokususa amabala obuso ngama-oxidants. Ama-chemical agents asabela ngokungcola kobuso noma izendlalelo ezimbozayo (njengezingxenyana zesikali) ukuze azisuse, okuhlanganisa ukugeza nge-acid kanye nokugeza nge-alkaline ukuze kususwe isikali. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugqwala kwe-substrate ngesikhathi sokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali noma ukulawula izinga lokugqwala ngaphakathi kwemingcele evunyelwe, inani elifanele lama-corrosion inhibitors kanye nezithasiselo ezinezakhiwo ezisebenzayo, ezingenayo nezimanzisa ngokuvamile zengezwa ezixazululweni zokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali.
Amasu okuhlanza；indlela yokucwilisa, indlela yokujikeleza kwegazi, indlela yokuhlanza ku-inthanethi (ebizwa nangokuthi indlela yokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali engayeki).
Isimiso se-elekthronikhi sokulwa nokwehliswa kwesilinganiso kanye nokwehliswa kwesilinganiso: amasimu kagesi asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu ahlela kabusha ama-molecule amanzi ukuze kufezwe imiphumela yokulwa nokwehliswa kwesilinganiso kanye nokwehliswa kwesilinganiso. Lapho amanzi edlula ensimini kagesi esebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu, isakhiwo sawo sama-molecule esingokwenyama siyashintsha. Ama-macromolecule okuqala ahlobene nawo ahlukana abe ama-molecule amanzi angawodwa. Ama-ion amahle nangalungile kasawoti ancibilikiswe emanzini azungezwe ama-molecule amanzi ngamanye, okunciphisa isivinini sawo sokuhamba, kunciphisa imvamisa yokushayisana okuphumelelayo futhi kunciphisa ukukhanga kwe-electrostatic. Ama-ion awasakwazi ukuhlangana ezindongeni ezifudumele noma ezindaweni zamapayipi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukwakheka kwesikali. Okwamanje, isikhathi sokwanda kwe-dipole sama-molecule amanzi siqinisa amandla awo okubopha ngama-ion amahle nangalungile kasawoti (ama-molecule e-limescale), kuthambisa i-limescale ezindaweni ezifudumele kanye nezindonga zamapayipi ukuze kube lula ukuhlukanisa nokwehliswa kwesilinganiso.
Ukumelana nokukhula kanye nokwehla kwezinga okuqinile kufeza imigomo efanayo nokwehla kwezinga ngokushintsha isimo sama-molecule amanzi, yize kuncike emasimini e-electrostatic esikhundleni semiphumela ye-elekthronikhi. Indlela yokusebenza itholakala ku-polarity (impahla ye-dipole) yama-molecule amanzi. Lapho ama-dipole amanzi edlula ensimini ye-electrostatic, avumelana ngokuqhubekayo nangokuhlelekile ngamashaji amahle nangalungile. Ama-ion kasawoti ancibilikisiwe emanzini ambozwe ama-dipole amanzi futhi ahlelwe ngokulandelana ngaphakathi kwamaqoqo e-dipole, okuvimbela ukunyakaza kwawo ngokukhululeka futhi kuwavimbele ekusondeleni noma ekubekeni ezindongeni zamapayipi/imishini ukuze kwakheke i-limescale. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya-mpilo okhishwa emanzini wakha ifilimu ye-oxide encane kakhulu ezindongeni zamapayipi ukuze kuncishiswe ukugqwala kodonga.
Imidiya Yokuhlanza
Ukuhlanza Okumanzi Nokuhlanza Okuomile
Ukuhlanza okwenziwa ngemidiya ewuketshezi ngokuvamile kuchazwa njengokuhlanza okumanzi, futhi izindlela eziningi zokuhlanza zendabuko ziwela kulesi sigaba.
Ukuhlanza okwenziwa nge-gaseous media kubhekwa njengokuhlanza okomile, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanza nge-laser, ukuhlanza nge-ultraviolet, ukuhlanza nge-plasma kanye nokuhlanza nge-dry ice blasting.
Izithibi Zokugqwala
I-corrosion inhibitor iyisithako esifakwa ngobuningi obuncane ezingxenyeni ezigqwalisayo ezinciphisa kakhulu ukugqwala kwensimbi. Le ndlela yokuvikela insimbi yaziwa ngokuthi i-corrosion inhibitor protection.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-Corrosion Inhibitors
Ngokwendlela yokusebenza: ama-anodic inhibitors, ama-cathodic inhibitors, ama-mixed-type inhibitors
Ngezici zefilimu evikelayo: izithibi zokwakheka kwefilimu ezi-oxidizing, izithibi zohlobo lwe-adsorption, izithibi zokwakheka kwefilimu yemvula
Ezinye izindlela zokuhlela:
①Izithibi zokugqwala ze-organic kanye ne-inorganic
②Izithibi zokugqwala zesigaba soketshezi, isigaba segesi kanye nesigaba esiqinile
③Izithibi zokugqwala zensimbi, ithusi kanye ne-aluminium
④Izithibi zokugqwala ezi-acidic, alkaline kanye ne-neutral
Izinto Zokuhlanza
Ukuhlanza Kwangaphambi Kokugunyazwa, Ukuhlanza Okungapheli Nokuhlanza Ukulungisa Ukuvala
Ukuhlanza Kwangaphambi Kokugunyazwa
Imishini emisha yamakhemikhali kumele ihlanzwe futhi isetshenziswe ngamakhemikhali ngaphambi kokuba iqaliswe ukusebenza. Umkhuba ubonise ukuthi ukuhlanza nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ngaphambi kokuqala kuletha izinzuzo ezibalulekile ekuphepheni kokukhiqiza kanye nokusebenza kahle komnotho, okudala imbuyiselo enkulu kwezomnotho.
Izinhloso Zokuhlanza Nokukhuphula Intengo Ngaphambi Kokugunyazwa
Isikali semishini sakha ezintweni zensimbi ezingavuthiwe ezifana namapayipi ensimbi, amapuleti ensimbi kanye nensimbi engagqwali ngesikhathi sokugoqa. Ukugqwala, i-welding slag, izinto zokuvimbela ukugqwala ezinamafutha ezisetshenziswa ensimbini ukuvikela ukugqwala, uthuli, isihlabathi, usimende, izinto zokuvimbela ukushisa kanye nokunye ukungcola kuqongelela emishinini ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa kanye nokufakwa. Njengoba umthamo wemishini ukhula, isikhathi kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwamapayipi ensimbi namapuleti, ngokwenziwa kwemishini, ukuthunyelwa kanye nokufakwa kuze kube yilapho kufakwa imishini ekugcineni siyanda. Amajoyinti amaningi okushisela kanye nezindawo ezishisayo ezinkulu kuholela ekwandeni kwenani eliphelele lezinto ezingcolisayo okuhlanganisa isikali semishini, ukugqwala, i-welding slag, izinto zokuvimbela ukugqwala kanye nendle.
Ngemva kokuhlanza, kwakheka ifilimu eliqinile lokudlulisa amakhemikhali ezindaweni zensimbi ezihlanzekile. Le filimu ivimbela ngempumelelo ukuphinda kuvele ukungcola futhi ihlinzeka ngesivikelo esithembekile semishini ekugqwaleni kanye neminye imonakalo yamakhemikhali.
Ukuhlanza Okungapheli
Eminye imishini yamakhemikhali ayikwazi ukumisa ukusebenza kokulungisa nokuhlanza ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, okwakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza obungapheli. Izixazululo zokuhlanza zasekhaya ezivuthiwe ezingapheli zivumela ukuhlanza kwamakhemikhali kanye nokungasebenzi ngenkathi imishini isebenza, ivikela ukusebenza kwemishini okuzinzile kanye nokusebenza kahle kwenkonzo.
Ukuhlanzwa Kokulungiswa Kokuvala
Ukuhlanza ukugcinwa kokuvala kubhekisela emisebenzini yokuhlanza eyenziwa kuyo yonke imishini ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okuhleliwe kwaminyaka yonke kwamabhizinisi amakhemikhali. Ngokuvamile, amayunithi angawodwa ahlanzwa ngamakhemikhali ajikelezayo noma ahlanzwe ngejethi yamanzi enomfutho ophezulu ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kokuvala.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-07-2026